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The relationship and function of capacitors, inductors and resistors
Date: 2024-08-16
Capacitors are electronic components that store and emit current. The working principle of capacitors is to charge and emit current, which also includes oscillation, rectification and other functions. The structure of capacitors is very simple, consisting of two positive and negative electrodes and an insulating medium sandwiched in between.
Inductors are components that measure the ability of coils to generate magnetic field induction. When current flows into the coil, magnetic electricity passes through, and a corresponding magnetic field is generated next to the coil. If the current value passing through the coil is larger, the magnetic field will be stronger accordingly, and the magnetic flux passing through the coil will also be larger. It is concluded that the magnetic electricity passing through the coil is proportional to the current passed, and their ratio coefficient is called inductance.
Resistors describe the conductivity of products and are generally represented by R. Resistance is defined by the ratio of the two ends of the conductor to the current passing through (R=U/I). Therefore, when the voltage at both ends of the conductor is constant, if the resistance value is larger, the current passing through is smaller; on the contrary, if the resistance value is smaller, the current passing through is larger.
The function of capacitors is to filter, couple, bypass, tune and convert energy in the circuit; the function of inductors is to pass DC, block AC, pass low frequency and block high frequency in the circuit; the purpose of resistors is to hinder the passage of current, which can play the role of voltage division, voltage reduction, current limiting, load, shunt, etc. in the circuit.
Capacitors, inductors and resistors are three components. Engineers design them to play a role in the circuit combination in electrical appliances. They use the interrelated characteristics of these three components to complement each other to form complex circuits. The inductance is related to the frequency of the resistor, so it is generally used in circuits related to the frequency, and combining them can strengthen or weaken the current of a specific frequency.
For example, we often see that the diode on the electronic product will light up for a while after the plug is unplugged. What is the reason? In fact, this is because the capacitor inside stores some electrical energy in advance when plugged in, and then releases it.